ABSTRACT
Background: Colorectal Cancer Screening Programs (CRCSP) are widely accepted in developed countries. Unfortunately, financial restrictions, low adherence rate and variability on colonoscopy standardization hamper the implementation of CRCSP in developing countries. Aim: To analyze a multicentric pilot model of CRCSP in Chile. Material and Methods: A prospective model of CRCSP was carried out in three cities, from 2012 to 2015. The model was based on CRC risk assessment and patient education. Health care personnel were trained about logistics and protocols. The endoscopy team was trained about colonoscopy standards. A registered nurse was the coordinator in each center. We screened asymptomatic population aged between 50 and 75 years. Immunological fecal occult blood test (FIT) was offered to all participants. Subjects with positive FIT underwent colonoscopy. Results: A total of 12,668 individuals were enrolled, with a FIT compliance rate of 93.9% and 2,358 colonoscopies were performed. Two hundred and fifty high-risk adenomas and 110 cancer cases were diagnosed. One patient died before treatment due to cardiovascular disease, 74 patients (67%) underwent endoscopic resection and 35 had surgical treatment. Ninety one percent of patients had an early stage CRC (0-I-II). Among colonoscopy indicators, 80% of cases had an adequate bowel preparation (Boston > 6), cecal intubation rate was 97.7%, adenoma detection rate was 36.5%, and in 94.5% of colonoscopies, withdrawal time was adequate (> 8 min). Conclusions: This CRCS pilot model was associated to a high rate of FIT return and colonoscopy quality standards. Most CRCs detected with the program were treated by endoscopic resection.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Program Evaluation , Adenoma/diagnosis , Colonoscopy/methods , Risk Assessment/methods , Early Detection of Cancer/methods , Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology , Adenoma/pathology , Chile , Pilot Projects , Nutritional Status , Patient Education as Topic , Prospective Studies , Reproducibility of Results , Risk Factors , Analysis of Variance , Colonoscopy/standards , Early Detection of Cancer/standards , Occult BloodABSTRACT
El seguimiento postoperatorio tiene un rol importante para la sobrevida del paciente después de la resección curativa del cáncer colorrectal. OBJETIVOS: Describir las características del seguimiento con tomografía por emisión de positrones (PET) integrado a tomografía axial computarizada (CT) (PET/CT) y su impacto en los sobrevivientes de cáncer colorrectal (CCR) posterior a la resección con intención curativa en un hospital universitario en la prefectura de Tochigi, Japón. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Revisión consecutiva de las historias clínicas de 209 pacientes sometidos a estadificación prequirúrgica con PET/CT para la resección curativa de cáncer colorrectal entre abril de 2005 y marzo de 2008. La información de la evaluación postoperatoria se revisó hasta setiembre de 2008. RESULTADOS: De 209 pacientes que fueron estadificados preoperatoriamente por CCR, 207 (varones/mujeres = 125/82; edad promedio = 65,2 ± 11,4 años) fueron operados con intención curativa e incluidos en el presente estudio. La tasa de cumplimiento con los lineamientos de seguimiento de la Sociedad Japonesa para el Cáncer de Colon y Recto (JSCCR) fue del 53%. La sobrevida acumulada total al final del intervalo de estudio fue de 96.4%. La prueba más utilizada en el seguimiento postoperatorio del CCR fue el antígeno carcinoembrionario (CEA). La PET/CT fue la prueba que detectó más pacientes con lesiones recurrentes (n = 11; valor predictivo positivo = 23.4), entre ellos un paciente con lesión asintomática curable (metástasis a nódulo linfático inguinal), siendo la prueba con mayor efectividad (2.1%). No obstante, su elevado costo convierte a la PET/ CT en el procedimiento menos costo-efectivo. CONCLUSIONES: La utilización de PET/CT en el seguimiento posoperatorio tras resección curativa en CCR ha demostrado ser una alternativa individualizada y efectiva en el hallazgo de enfermedad asintomática curable. El estudio sistemático con CEA y CT como primera línea de despistaje y PET...
Postoperative surveillance has an important role in patient survival after curative resection of colorectal cancer. OBJECTIVES: To describe the characteristics of the follow-up with positron emission tomography(PET) / computed tomography (CT)(PET/CT) and its impact in colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors after curative resection in a university hospital in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Consecutive review of patients hospital charts who underwent presurgical staging with PET/CT for curative resection of colorectal cancer between April 2005 and March 2008. The follow-up data of these patients was reviewed until September 2008. RESULTS: Of 209 patients presurgically staged for CRC, 207 (male/female = 125/82; mean age = 65.3 ± 11.3 years) underwent curative resection and were included in the present study. The compliance rate with the Japanese Society for Cancer of the Colon and Rectum (JSCCR) follow-up guidelines was 53%. The cumulative survival at the end of study interval was 96.4%. The test most commonly used in postoperative follow-up of CRC was the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). PET/CT was the test that detected more patients with recurrent lesions (n = 11, positive predictive value = 23.4), including one patient with an asymptomatic curable recurrence (inguinal lymph node metastasis), also being the most effective test (2.1%). However, its high cost makes it the less cost-effective. CONCLUSIONS: The use of PET/CT in the postoperative follow-up after curative resection in CRC has proven to be an individualized and effective alternative in the finding of asymptomatic disease curable. Systematic CEA tests with contrast-enhanced CT as a first line of screening and PET/CT as a second line may be an alternative follow up approach after curative resection for CRC.